spring中定时机制 -

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spring中定时机制

关于在Spring中的任务计划的使用

我今天结合Spring技术手册中的内容，总共总结了5个方面：

1：使用最简单的任务计划，就是继承java.util.TimerTask类，最关键的当然是配置beans-config.xml
文件了，因为我们使用的是spring来管理任务计划。

继承TimerTask类的写法如下：

packagecom;
importjava.util.TimerTask;
publicclassDemoTaskextendsTimerTask {
publicvoidrun() {
System.out.println("任务程序启动，这时我的第一个任务程序......");
}
}

beans-config.xml的写法如下：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"[url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>

<beanid="demoTask"class="com.DemoTask"/>

<beanid="scheduledTimerTask"class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask">

<propertyname="timerTask">
<refbean="demoTask"/>
</property>

<propertyname="period">
<value>6000</value>
</property>

<propertyname="delay">
<value>2000</value>
</property>
</bean>
<beanid="timerFactoryBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean">
<propertyname="scheduledTimerTasks">
<list>
<refbean="scheduledTimerTask"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

启动程序的写法：

packagecom;
importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importorg.springframework.context .support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
publicclassTimerTaskDemo {
/**
* @author sunny 这个程序用于测试spring框架中的任务管理，这个一个最简单地实现定时任务的方式
* @param args
*/
publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args)throwsException{
newFileSystemXmlApplicationContext("beans-config.xml");
System.out.println("启动任务...");
System.out.println("请输入exit关闭程序.....");

BufferedReader reader =newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(System.in));

while(true){
if(reader.readLine().equals("exit")){
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
}

2：当我们在程序中不能继承TimerTask类了，我们应该怎样写呢？那我们就需要在程序中使用spring提供的"org.springframework.scheduling.timer.MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean"类来进行处理了。不同的地方就是 xml的配置文件的写法，程序中需要指定执行哪一个类的哪一个方法：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>

<beanid="demoTask"class="com.DemoTask"/>

<beanid="timerTaskBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.MethodInvokingTimerTaskFactoryBean">
<propertyname="targetObject">
<refbean="demoTask"/>
</property>
<propertyname="targetMethod">
<value>run</value>
</property>
</bean>

<beanid="scheduledTimerTask"class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.ScheduledTimerTask">

<propertyname="timerTask">
<refbean="timerTaskBean"/>
</property>

<propertyname="period">
<value>6000</value>
</property>

<propertyname="delay">
<value>2000</value>
</property>
</bean>
<beanid="timerFactoryBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.timer.TimerFactoryBean">
<propertyname="scheduledTimerTasks">
<list>
<refbean="scheduledTimerTask"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

3A：由于jdk标准api提供的Timer功能有限，只能指定任务与任务之间的周期，而无法指定某个特定的时间内执行某项任务，所以现在 推荐使用Quartz来解决这样的问题。接下来的这个程序仍然是解决周期问题的，要循序渐进。。。 QuartzJobBean 类用于重复调用JobData 类的方法执行getData()方法。QuartzJobBean 必须继承QuartzJobBean

packagecom;
importorg.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
importorg.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
publicclassDemoJobextendsQuartzJobBean {
privateJobData jobData;

protectedvoidexecuteInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) {
System.out.println(jobData.getData() +" 第一个已经被执行了！！");
}
publicJobData getJobData() {
returnjobData;
}
publicvoidsetJobData(JobData jobData) {
this.jobData = jobData;
}
}
packagecom;
importjava.text.SimpleDateFormat;
importjava.util.Date;
publicclassJobData {
publicString getData() {
SimpleDateFormat ddd =newSimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
return"Data from "+ ddd.format(newDate());
}
}

关键在于beans-config.xml配置文件的写法

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
" [url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>

<beanid="someData"class="com.JobData"/>

<beanid="jobDetailBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
<propertyname="jobClass">
<value>com.DemoJob</value>
</property>
<propertyname="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entrykey="jobData">
<refbean="someData"/>
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>

<beanid="simpleTriggerBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean">

<propertyname="jobDetail">
<refbean="jobDetailBean"/>
</property>

<propertyname="repeatInterval">
<value>6000</value>
</property>

<propertyname="startDelay">
<value>2000</value>
</property>
</bean>
<beanid="timerFactoryBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<propertyname="triggers">
<list>
<refbean="simpleTriggerBean"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

启动程序的文件相同。

3B:
如果需求中要求将来的某个时间点执行某项操作，那么配置文件中则必须使用 org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean。具体配置如下： <div style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> <div style="padding:4px; margin:0px; border:1px solid rgb(204,204,204); font-size:10pt; width:705.5833129882813px; color:rgb(0,0,0); word-break:break-all; line-height:16px; font-family:verdana,宋体; background-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "[url]http://www.springframework.org[/url]/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans>  <beanid="someData"class="com.JobData"/> <beanid="jobDetailBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean"> <propertyname="jobClass"> <value>com.DemoJob</value> </property> <propertyname="jobDataAsMap"> <map> <entrykey="jobData"> <refbean="someData"/> </entry> </map> </property> </bean> <beanid="cronTriggerBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">  <propertyname="jobDetail"> <refbean="jobDetailBean"/> </property>  <propertyname="cronExpression"> <value>0 07 11 * * ?</value> </property> </bean> <beanid="schedulerFactoryBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> <propertyname="triggers"> <list> <refbean="cronTriggerBean"/> </list> </property> </bean> </beans> </div> </div>

4：如果程序不允许继承QuartzJobBean类，我们怎样处理呢？那么我们可以采用spring提供的MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean 来进行处理， <div style="padding:0px; margin:0px"> <div style="padding:4px; margin:0px; border:1px solid rgb(204,204,204); font-size:10pt; width:705.5833129882813px; color:rgb(0,0,0); word-break:break-all; line-height:16px; font-family:verdana,宋体; background-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> packagecom; /** * 这里不需要继承quartz类了 * @author Administrator * */ publicclassDemoJob { privateJobData jobData; publicJobData getJobData() { returnjobData; } publicvoidsetJobData(JobData jobData) { this.jobData = jobData; } publicvoidexecute(){ System.out.println(jobData.getData() +" 被执行了。"); } } packagecom; importjava.text.SimpleDateFormat; importjava.util.Date; publicclassJobData { publicString getData() { SimpleDateFormat ddd =newSimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); return"Data from "+ ddd.format(newDate()); } } </div> </div> 具体的xml文件配置如下：

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>

<beanid="someData"class="com.JobData"/>

<beanid="someJob"class="com.DemoJob">
<propertyname="jobData">
<refbean="someData"/>
</property>
</bean>

<beanid="jobDetailBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
<propertyname="targetObject">
<refbean="someJob"/>
</property>
<propertyname="targetMethod">
<value>execute</value>
</property>
</bean>

<beanid="cronTriggerBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">

<propertyname="jobDetail">
<refbean="jobDetailBean"/>
</property>

<propertyname="cronExpression">
<value>0 27 11 * * ?</value>
</property>
</bean>

<beanid="schedulerFactoryBean"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<propertyname="triggers">
<list>
<refbean="cronTriggerBean"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

本文出自 “自娱自乐” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://sunny.blog.51cto.com/182601/32366

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